In the realm of literature, the inner conflicts faced by characters often serve as a microcosm for broader societal issues. These conflicts—be they moral dilemmas, existential crises, or struggles with identity—paint a rich tapestry that not only captivates readers but also provokes deep introspection. One particular work that encapsulates these themes is Flannery O’Connor’s short story “Everything That Rises Must Converge.” Through its exploration of generational differences and racial tensions in the American South, O’Connor invites us to delve into the intricate layers of human experience and confront our own inner conflicts.
The Nature of Inner Conflict
Inner conflict can be understood as a psychological struggle within an individual’s mind. It manifests when one faces opposing desires or beliefs that challenge their self-perception or values. In literature, this concept often drives character development and plot progression. Characters are compelled to confront their fears, prejudices, and desires in ways that resonate with readers on a personal level.
Take Julian, the protagonist in O’Connor’s story. He embodies the tension between his liberal ideals and deeply ingrained biases towards his mother’s old-fashioned views on race and class. As they travel together on a bus through Atlanta, we witness Julian wrestling with his desire to distance himself from his mother while simultaneously grappling with his underlying need for her approval. This duality illustrates how inner conflict can create friction not only within an individual but also in their relationships with others.
One fascinating aspect of “Everything That Rises Must Converge” is its portrayal of generational conflict—a theme prevalent across various literary works. Julian represents the younger generation attempting to break free from outdated societal norms while still being tethered to those very traditions through familial ties. His interactions with his mother reveal not just personal grievances but also wider cultural tensions surrounding race relations during the Civil Rights Movement.
Julian’s condescending attitude toward his mother’s beliefs might resonate with younger readers who have experienced similar dynamics within their families. The struggle to reconcile one’s progressive values against an older generation steeped in tradition often leads to frustration and misunderstanding. This disconnect is palpable throughout their bus ride as they encounter various characters who symbolize shifting social norms—a reflection of a society at war with itself.
Racial Tensions as Inner Conflict
Another layer worth examining is how racial tensions contribute to Julian’s inner conflict. Although he professes egalitarian beliefs, he harbors latent prejudices that emerge during critical moments—especially when he encounters black individuals on the bus or reflects upon his mother’s past interactions with them. This hypocrisy serves as a poignant reminder that even those who consider themselves enlightened can grapple with unconscious biases.
The moment when Julian’s mother tries to give money to a black woman at the bus stop exemplifies this clash between intention and perception—her actions meant to demonstrate goodwill instead expose her ignorance regarding systemic inequalities. Here lies another facet of inner conflict: recognizing one’s privilege while struggling against deeply embedded societal norms that inform behavior.
Symbolism in O’Connor’s Work
O’Connor employs rich symbolism throughout “Everything That Rises Must Converge,” further enhancing our understanding of these inner conflicts. The title itself suggests a convergence—not just of individuals but ideas, cultures, and histories colliding amidst ongoing change; it echoes Thomas Aquinas’ philosophy regarding humanity rising toward divine purpose despite inherent flaws.
The physical setting—a cramped city bus—is symbolic too; it becomes a microcosm where diverse lives intersect temporarily yet meaningfully amidst an atmosphere charged with tension born from unresolved issues surrounding race relations (and by extension humanity). Each character encountered during their journey represents different aspects influencing societal attitudes toward race—and ultimately revealing fractures within Julian’s psyche as he navigates through discomforting truths about himself and society alike.
The Role of Empathy
If there’s one takeaway from examining these intricacies woven into both character arcs and broader themes present within “Everything That Rises Must Converge,” it would be the importance placed upon empathy amid polarizing viewpoints—the necessity for individuals (whether fictional or real) caught between conflicting ideologies strive towards understanding rather than judgment alone if true progress is desired moving forward!
Conclusion: A Reflection on Inner Conflicts
“Everything That Rises Must Converge” presents us with rich layers of inner conflict resonating across generations—juxtaposing old versus new perspectives entwined around complex social issues like race while highlighting struggles occurring internally as well externally! As readers reflect upon these timeless concepts portrayed beautifully through O’Connor’s storytelling prowess—the hope remains we may all learn something valuable about navigating our own sometimes tumultuous paths ahead!
- O’Connor, Flannery. “Everything That Rises Must Converge.” In The Complete Stories. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1971.
- Parker, Robert Dale et al., eds., The Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature. Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s Press, 2016.
- Baker, Carlos E., “Flannery O’Connor: An Overview,” A Companion To Southern Literature. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004.
- Kirkland, Ernest J., “The Theme Of Race In Flannery O’Connor,” The Southern Literary Journal, Vol 22 No 1 (1989): pp 25-42.
- Sullivan , John E.. “Generational Conflict And The Elderly In Fiction.” Pennsylvania Literary Journal (2015).
